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Many women notice weight gain around the same time they start menopause hormone therapy. This may lead some people to believe that estrogen and progesterone are behind the change.
Research doesn’t support hormone therapy as a cause of weight gain. But other factors may explain why the number on the scale is going up in your 40s, 50s, and beyond.
Menopause hormone therapy, also known as hormone replacement therapy (HRT), can be an effective treatment for hot flashes, night sweats, and other menopause symptoms. It works by replacing hormones that fluctuate and decline during this time.
Despite common concerns, multiple studies show that hormone therapy doesn’t cause an increase in body weight or body fat. While hormone therapy isn’t a weight-loss strategy, it isn’t linked with weight gain either.
That said, some women notice changes in their bodies after starting treatment. One possible reason for this is bloating and fluid retention, which are known side effects of hormone therapy. This can cause temporary swelling in the midsection or a feeling of fullness that may be mistaken for weight gain.
Unlike fat gain, however, these fluid-related changes are usually temporary. They can also vary depending on the type of hormone therapy, dosage, and individual response.
While hormone therapy isn’t to blame, weight gain is common during perimenopause and menopause. For many women, it can feel sudden or unexplained. One member of ThisIsMenopause said, “It’s like a switch flipped and suddenly I gained weight.”
Weight changes during this stage are usually caused by a combination of hormonal shifts and lifestyle factors.
Fluctuating hormone levels can affect metabolic health. This can lead to a gradual loss of muscle mass, which may lower the number of calories the body burns at rest.
Hormonal changes can influence hunger signals and appetite, making it easier to eat more than your body needs. Comfort foods containing extra calories, sugar, and fat may also become more appealing.
Research shows that body fat tends to increase during menopause. Changes in where body fat is stored may also occur during this period. The most noticeable shift in fat distribution is usually an increase in abdominal fat.
Poor sleep is common during menopause. A lack of sleep can affect hunger hormones, appetite, and energy levels, all of which can contribute to weight gain.
Ongoing stress can lead to emotional eating. It can also increase cortisol levels, which are linked with weight gain and increased fat storage around the midsection.
Many women become less physically active in midlife, often due to fatigue, time constraints, or daily responsibilities. This means fewer calories burned, which can cause gradual weight gain if eating habits don’t also change.
While hormone therapy isn’t the cause of weight gain in midlife, weight changes during this time are very real. Strength training, regular physical activity, good sleep hygiene, and other healthy lifestyle changes can all help with weight management and overall well-being.
While hormone therapy doesn’t cause weight gain, some people experience other side effects. Hormone therapy isn’t right for everyone, so it’s important to talk to your healthcare provider about the risks and benefits.
Common side effects of hormone therapy include:
If you’re concerned about weight management, schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider. They can help identify possible causes and suggest lifestyle changes or other strategies to help you maintain a healthy weight in midlife and beyond.
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